Question Paper from: IBPS PO Prelims 2016

Big ideas come from tackling --13-- problems. When one is confronted with an overwhelming task, it’s pieces. Business jargon is full of phrases about that, like “pilot projects” and “low-hanging fruit.” They have their place, but in the repertory of management --14---, they should share their place with bold approaches to big challenges. Much of today’s most valuable management knowledge came from wrestling with such issues. The most complicated workplace in the middle of the last century was the automobile assembly plant. Drawn to its complexity were Peter F. Drucker, W. Edwards Deming, and Taiichi Ohno, among others. The work they and their disciples did, applied in industry after industry, is the basis of the best that we know about operations, managing people, innovation, organizational design, and much more. The most complex workplaces are tertiary care hospitals. These vast --15-- employ tens of thousands of people who, under one roof, do everything from neurosurgery to laundry. Each patient – that is to say, each “job” — calls on a different set of people with a different constellation of ---16---; even when the two patients have the same diagnosis, success may be --17-- differently. This is a complexity of an order of magnitude greater than automobile assembly, and anyone who -- 18--- hospitalized knows that management has thus far been unequal to the scope of the task. The workers, managers, consultants, and scholars --19-- crack this nut will reshape industries and institutions just as ---

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